QA operates at three levels: trade supervisor self-inspection at phase completion before the next trade begins; project manager milestone reviews at six defined checkpoints (foundation, framing, MEP rough-in, insulation, drywall, finishes) with sign-off checklists completed and filed; and a final punch list review with the client before closeout, with all items resolved before final payment. Specification-level QA — using the correct Utah concrete mix design, the correct IECC climate zone for windows, the correct seismic reinforcing for the local SDC — eliminates entire categories of quality failures before any crew member arrives on site.